Write clean, idiomatic Python with functions, classes and modules.
Manipulate data confidently using NumPy and Pandas.
Visualise data with Matplotlib and Seaborn.
Build and evaluate your first regression and classification models.
Use Jupyter notebooks and virtual environments professionally.
Read CSV, JSON and API data end-to-end into an ML workflow.
Understand overfitting, train/test splits and cross-validation.
Ship a portfolio-ready mini ML project to GitHub.